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On this day in New York · August 19, 1991

The Crown Heights Riot

A station wagon ran a red light in a rabbi's motorcade, killed a seven-year-old boy, and Brooklyn spent three days finding out how much a city can hold before it cracks.

The Crown Heights Riot
Wikimedia Commons / David Dinkins

The facts

Where
Utica Avenue and President Street, Crown Heights, Brooklyn
Gavin Cato's death
August 19, 1991, struck by a car in Rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson's motorcade
Yankel Rosenbaum's death
Stabbed in the early hours of August 20, 1991; died that night
Toll
At least 129 arrests and roughly $1 million in property damage over three days

On the evening of August 19, 1991, a car in the motorcade of the Lubavitcher grand rebbe, Menachem Mendel Schneerson, ran a red light at Utica Avenue and President Street in Crown Heights, jumped the curb, and struck seven-year-old Gavin Cato and his cousin Angela, children of Guyanese immigrants working on a bicycle chain on the sidewalk. Gavin died at the scene. Word spread fast and wrong through the neighborhood that a private Hasidic ambulance service had tended to the driver before the children, and within hours a crowd had gathered. Early the next morning, a group of young Black men surrounded Yankel Rosenbaum, a 29-year-old Australian rabbinical student, and stabbed him; he died later that night. Three days of unrest between Black and Hasidic Jewish residents followed, one of the ugliest stretches in the city's modern history.

In their words

The day in the words of the people who were there. Every quote is verbatim, and every source links out so you can check it.

  1. stabbed him several times in the back and beat him severely, fracturing his skull

    Wikipedia's account of the attack on Yankel Rosenbaum

    Source: Wikipedia
  2. the most serious anti-Semitic incident in American history

    historian Edward S. Shapiro, describing the riot

    Source: Wikipedia

Why it still matters

A grand jury declined to indict the driver, Yosef Lifsh, and Lemrick Nelson Jr. was acquitted of Rosenbaum's murder in state court in 1992, verdicts that only widened the wound; a federal civil rights conviction in 1997 was overturned, and Nelson wasn't finally convicted until a third trial in 2003. Crown Heights became the reason City Hall built a modern hate-crimes unit and rewrote how it handles ethnic unrest, a legacy the city still leans on.

Sources

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